Fundamental Transmission Planning Analyses & Model Development
Watt Consultants develops high-fidelity power system planning models by integrating ISO/RTO base cases with client-specific data and assumptions. These models incorporate future system changes such as load growth, renewable integration, and generator retirements. They serve as the analytical foundation for evaluating expansion needs, validating planning assumptions, and conducting robust what-if scenario analyses.


Steady-State Power Flow Analysis
Using PowerGEM TARA and Siemens PSS®E, our engineers conduct comprehensive AC contingency analyses (N-0, N-1, and N-1-1) to identify thermal overloads and voltage violations. All scenarios follow NERC TPL-001-4 planning standards, with contingencies modeled across both the study area and adjacent regions. Identified violations are clearly reported, with recommended mitigations aligned with ISO/RTO and local planning requirements.
Dynamic and Transient Stability Analysis
Our team utilizes PSS®E to assess the system’s dynamic response to disturbances. This includes:
- Calculating critical clearing times
- Detecting low-frequency oscillations
- Verifying damping performance
- Evaluating the behavior of protection and special protection schemes (SPS)
These studies help ensure system resilience and compliance under a wide range of operating scenarios.
Short-Circuit Analysis
Using Aspen OneLiner, we perform detailed fault current studies to evaluate:
- Fault contributions at critical buses
- Breaker interrupting capabilities
- The adequacy of protection system coordination
Our analysis ensures compliance with ISO/RTO criteria and informs system protection upgrades and equipment procurement decisions.
Transfer Limit Evaluation
We assess thermal, voltage, and stability-based transfer capabilities across key intra- and inter-area interfaces. These transfer limits support:
- Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE) analyses
- Operational planning
- System adequacy evaluations
- Infrastructure investment decisions



